The time it takes to obtain Canadian citizenship after applying depends on several factors, including processing times, the completeness of the application, and any required follow-up steps. As of 2025, the average processing time for Canadian citizenship applications is around 10 to 12 months, though this can vary.
Here’s a general breakdown of the steps and timelines involved:
- Submission of Application: Once a complete application is submitted to Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC), it typically takes a few weeks to receive an acknowledgement of receipt.
- Initial Processing: IRCC checks whether the application is complete and whether the applicant meets the eligibility criteria (such as permanent residency, physical presence, and language ability). This phase can take several months.
- Citizenship Test and Interview: If you are between ages 18 and 54, you will be scheduled to take a citizenship test on Canadian history, values, and government. This may be followed by an interview with an immigration officer. Wait times for the test depend on the region and volume of applications.
- Decision: Once all requirements are met, IRCC will issue a decision. If approved, the applicant will receive an invitation to a citizenship ceremony.
- Citizenship Ceremony: The final step is attending a ceremony and taking the Oath of Citizenship. Ceremonies are usually scheduled within a few weeks to a couple of months after approval.
Factors That Can Affect Processing Time:
- Incomplete or incorrect applications
- Criminal background or security screening issues
- High volume of applications
- System backlogs
- Regional delays (e.g., rural offices may process slower)
Applicants can check their case status online through the IRCC portal. Some applications may take more or less time, depending on individual circumstances.
In summary, while the typical timeline is about 10 to 12 months, it’s important to apply as early as you’re eligible, provide complete and accurate documentation, and prepare for delays. Once approved, citizenship grants full legal status, including the right to vote, run for office, and hold a Canadian passport.